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What is an oil burner?

Vaporizing Oil burner

Atomizing Burners

Types of Oil burner

What is oil burner?

An oil burner is a mechanical device that mixes fuel oil with the right amount of air before the blend is delivered to the ignition point in a combustion chamber.

Oil burner is used to burn heating boil, diesel fuel & similar fuels. It is essential that the oil / air mixture is well homogenized with as few pure droplets of fuel oil as possible for the efficiency of the combustion process.

A oil burner can be under two categories:

• vaporize and/or
• atomize

Vaporizing Oil burner:

In vaporizing burner the volatile fuel is passed at a low pressure through a tube adjacent to the flame, where vaporization takes place.

The fuel mixture passes through a mixing tube and burns at the burner head.

Atomizing Burners:

Atomizing burner has an arrangement for atomizing of liquid fuels before the combustion takes place.

The atomization is assisted by the resistance, friction, and turbulence of air, for the cause of deformation and distribution of drop.

Types of Oil burner:

Fuel oil burners can in general categorized as:

• gun-type (atomizing ) burners (pressure gun)
• pot-type (vaporizing) burners
• rotary-type fuel oil burners

Gun-type Burners (pressure gun):

Gun-type (atomizing) burners will spray a liquid oil fuel oil through the nozzle and spraying it into the air stream. The liquid formed in the form of microscopic particles or droplets that are mixed and partially evaporated before igniting in the combustion chamber.

This type of burner is very flexible and can be used in a variety of applications, ranging from residential heaters with small capacities to larger applications in the industry.

Pot-type burners:

In pot-type (vaporizing) burners the fuel evaporates into the combustion air. There are three types of pot-type (vaporizing) burners, namely:

• Natural draft burners
• Forced draft burners
• Sleeve burners

In atmospheric pot type burners, gravity causes oil to flow into the buner. Natural draft burners rely on natural drafts in the chimney for air supply. Forced burners rely on mechanical fans and / or chimneys for air supply.

Perforated sleeve type burners are only used in small applications. Pot-type burners are the cheapest type of fuel burners and have the lowest operating costs. The disadvantage of pot-type is its limited capacity.

Rotary fuel burners:

Rotary burners operate with low gravity pressure and fuel oil is supplied and thrown from a rotating disk using a smooth spray with centrifugal force.

With a rotary nozzle type burner, the nozzle rotates at high speed and oil is supplied through the shaft.

Burners on a rotary cup burner type are cone-shaped cups that rotate around a central tube where fuel is supplied.