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Introduction Another type of instrument commonly seen in measurement and control systems is the process switch. The purpose of a switch is to turn on and off with varying process conditions. Usually, switches are used to activate alarms to alert human operators to…
Introduction The aim of this unit is to describe the use of proportional, integral and derivative control. The course also introduces the newer methods of control; cascade, ratio, feedforward, adaptive and multi-variable. Proportional control action The basic continuous control mode is “proportional…
Introduction Hey guys in this session we are gonna discuss about a PLC program for a batch process.In my earlier posts i mentioned the basics of PLC so you can check that out by clicking the link below https://automationforum.co/2018/02/programming-logic-devices-plc.html so lets discuss…
Introduction There are two types of control systems namely Open Loop & Closed Loop system …
Introduction The override control concept is a technique by which process variables are kept with in certain limits, usually for protective purposes. Override control maintains the process in operation but within and under safer conditions. Override control To illustrate override control, consider the simple process shown in Figure A hot, saturated liquid enters a process surge tank, and then it is then pumped into the process. Normally, the tank operates at the level shown,…
Introduction. Process control is the automatic control of an output variable by sensing the amplitude of the output parameter from the process and comparing it to the desired or set level and feeding an error signal back to control an input variable….
ADAPTIVE CONTROL Adaptive control is a method whereby the gain of a system can be varied depending on the position of the set point. The following shows a simple example of why this is useful in control systems. Figure shows the level…
Overview: The Relief valves are safety valves prevent equipment damage by relieving accidental over-pressurization of fluid systems. The relief valves protects instruments such as motors, pumps, and actuators from damaging due to high pressure in the flow line. …
Introduction The air used must be cleaned, dry and oil-free to ensure that small lines, restrictions and nozzles will not be plugged by dirt, oil or water. In this course you will learn about basics of instrument air supply system. This unit…
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device (e.g. transmitter) goes to the controller, then to the final control device (e.g. control valve), influencing the process which is sensed again by the measuring…