What are the different types of NDT tests?
NDT test is a method to find the possibility of defects and the characteristics of a material that might cause aircraft to experience interference, reactor failure,...
Category : Analytical Instrumentation
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What is Flow Injection Analysis (FIA)?
What is FIA? FIA (Flow Injection Analysis) is a technique with widespread application in quantitative chemical analysis. The FIA is the injection process of discrete...
Cooling tower start up procedure
Cooling towers are installed in factories to eject waste heat to atmosphere. As it is an important task to function, it should be given great...
What is Zero suppression & Zero Elevation?
Zero suppression & Zero elevation are values that correspond to the 4-20mA transmitter range for level measurement using Differential pressure transmitter (DPT). In signal conditioners,...
Humidity measurement using the piezoelectric sensor
Principle of measuring humidity: The oscillation frequency of a quartz crystal coated with hygroscopic material is a very sensitive detector of the weight of absorbed...
What is proactive maintenance?
Proactive maintenance is a preventive maintenance approach that operates to correct the root causes of error and to prevent breakdowns induced by the circumstances of...
Electropneumatic converter – Construction, Working
Electro-pneumatic is a pneumatic control system where air pressure and direction of the valve are controlled by an electrical current. The electro-pneumatic converter is a...
Mackereth sensor for Dissolved Oxygen in Water
To measure dissolved oxygen in the water, electrochemical sensors with membranes for determination of oxygen can be applied, both polarographic and galvanic sensors can be...
Gas Density Measurements
Principle of gas density measurement: The relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume of a gas is given by: PV = nZRT where P is the...
pH measurement
What is pH? pH is a unit of measurement that describes the degree of acidity or alkali content of a solution. The pH unit is...