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Areej

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Control Valve

Control Valve Selection and Recommended Practices for Harsh Process Conditions

Table of ContentsStep 1. Valve Body and Material SelectionStep 2. Trim Material and Cavitation PreventionStep 3. End Connections and Valve Body TypesStep 4. Valve Sizing GuidelinesStep 5. Bonnet and Gasket SpecificationsStep 6. Packing Systems and Fugitive EmissionsStep 7. Valve Leakage ClassesStep 8. Flow Characteristics...
Instrumentation Questions

Advanced I/O List Quiz for EPC Instrumentation Engineers – 25 Expert-Level MCQs with Explanations

For instrumentation engineers working on EPC projects, accurately creating an I/O list is absolutely essential. It provides the basis for commissioning, control system design, wire, and loop testing. This quiz tests your understanding of signal kinds, system integration, and real-world documentation techniques. These 25...
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Electrical

Difference between Inverse Time Circuit Breakers and Instantaneous Trip Circuit Breakers

Inverse Time Circuit Breakers Inverse time circuit breakers have both thermal and instantaneous trip features...
Communication

Difference between profibus and foundation field bus

Profibus ProfiBus (PROcess FIeld BUS) is a widely accepted international networking standard, commonly found...
Communication

Introduction to Industrial Ethernet

Industrial Ethernet Early Ethernet systems (of the 10 Mbps variety) use the CSMA/CD access method....
Instrumentation

How to convert mA signal into % in instruments?(ie 4-20 mA=0 to100%)

Example calculation: controller output to valve An electronic loop controller outputs a signal of 8.55...
Instrumentation

Introduction to some important pneumatic components

Main pneumatic components All main pneumatic components can be represented by simple pneumatic symbols. Each...
Temperature Measurement

PRESSURE SPRING THERMOMETERS

Introduction The construction and mechanical operation of all types of pressure spring thermometers are...
How to

Procedures to do before starting up and shutting down a differential pressure transmitter

Installation: After installation and before start up of the differential pressure transmitter, be sure...
Instrumentation

Difference between filled impulse line and purged impulse line

Filled impulse lines An alternate method for isolating a pressure-sensing instrument from direct contact with...
Calibration

Different types of calibration

Definition and Need for Calibration According to Webster's Dictionary, calibrate means "to check, adjust, or...
Electrical

Schematic representation of electronic devices

In electronic circuits, there are many electronic symbols that are used to represent or...
Electrical

What is Vacuum Circuit Breaker or VCB ?

Introduction A vacuum circuit breaker is such kind of circuit breaker where the arc quenching...
Instrumentation

How to Troubleshooting  4 -20 mA Current Loops with Loop Calibrator?

Introduction Special-purpose electronic test instruments called loop calibrators are manufactured for the express purpose of 4-20 mA...
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Control Valve

Control Valve Selection and Recommended Practices for Harsh Process Conditions

Table of ContentsStep 1. Valve Body and Material SelectionStep 2. Trim Material and Cavitation...
Instrumentation Questions

Advanced I/O List Quiz for EPC Instrumentation Engineers – 25 Expert-Level MCQs with Explanations

For instrumentation engineers working on EPC projects, accurately creating an I/O list is absolutely...
Instrumentation Calculators

Rectangular Duct Air Velocity Calculator for HVAC Engineers

The Air Velocity in a Rectangular Duct Calculator is a useful and necessary tool...
Level Measurement

Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitters: Complete Troubleshooting & Maintenance Guide

Table of ContentsProbe Installation and Scarring IssuesFoam and Surface EffectsAntenna (Probe) Contamination and CleaningFlooding,...

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