Author name: Sudha M

EMI Interference

What methods do you use to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) in instrumentation systems?

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)  EMI Occurrence Coupling Mechanism Conductive coupling Inductive coupling  Capacitive coupling Radiative coupling Example of EMI problem in Circuit  SMPS Circuit The passive EMI filters fulfil both of these requirements thanks to their bidirectional properties. Devices used on the open market have a wider range of regulated frequencies than those used in specialized, …

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accuacy

What factors affect an instrument’s accuracy? And how do you calculate it?

Accuracy The capacity of an instrument to deliver measurements that are reasonably close to the actual value of the quantity being measured is referred to as accuracy. Usually, it is stated as a percentage or as a number with a certain number of digits. Simple formula for determining accuracy Accuracy is calculated by  Acc = …

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Errors

What are the most common Sources of measurement errors in Instrumentation and How can you minimize them?

What is meant by Error? Define Measurement Error Types of Error Source of Measurement Errors & Minimizing method Instrumentation measurement errors can have many different causes. The following are some of the most typical causes of measurement errors and methods to reduce them:  1. Sensor Calibration 2. Environmental Factors 3. Interference and Noise 4. Signal …

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Installation of sensor

Importance of Sensor Selection and Placement in Instrumentation

Sensor          A sensor is a device that reacts electrically to stimulus it receives. A device that yields a useful output in response to a designated input is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Selection of Sensor in instrumentation List of Factors for Choosing a Sensor Environmental Factors Economic Factors Sensor Characteristics 1. …

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Analog display of random fluctuations in voltage

How to handle Noisy Signals in your instrumentation measurements?

Define Noise in measuring various parameter Unwanted or irrelevant signals that obstruct the precise measurement of a desired amount or characteristic are referred to as noise in measurements.  What are the types of noise that occur during measurement? Depending on the measurement type being used, noise might take many various formsThey are Electrical Noise, Shot …

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Ultraviolet Flame Detectors

Flame detector Types of flame detectors Depending on the sensing mechanism and power source, there are various types of flame detectors. The primary category of a flame detector is  Because of its great accuracy, optical type flame detectors are utilized the most frequently among these three types.  Optical type flame detectors Ultraviolet Flame Detector How …

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Network Layers

Various Network Levels in Industrial Automation

Describe Various Network Levels in Industrial Automation Network Levels of Industrial Automation is classified into five levels This Industrial Automation Network Levels are classified as The Level A: Information Level includes:  The Level B: Control Level includes:  Level C: Field Level includes  These are described as  Level IV – Business Planning, Logistics, and Enterprise-Level Operations …

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Loop Powered Transmitter

What is the Purpose of Loop Powered Instruments?

Transmitter  A transmitter is a device for converting the response of a primary element into a useable signal, which then transmitted either to an indicating instrument or to a controller. Thus, transmitters is said to be secondary element.  Standard Signal  List some of wiring techniques in transmitter wiring. Some wiring techniques are  Loop Powered transmitter …

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Instruments

Why is Instrumentation used in Industries?

What is meant by Instrumentation? How Instrumentation plays a main role in Process Industries? List some objectives of Instrumentation in Industries Give some examples of Process Industries  What is need of Process Control in Industries? Measurement Device/ Sensor:  Transducer:  Process Variable:  Energy:  Transmitter:  Ex: A thermocouple’s microvolt output is amplified to a signal that is standardized …

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