Instrumentation Calculators

Linear to Square Root Extraction Signal Converter: 4-20mA, 3-15 Psi, 1-5 Volt Signals

  • In certain applications, pressure measurements are utilized to indirectly determine other variables, such as the rate of flow of a gas or liquid. 
  • In a closed pipe, the flow rate is directly linked to the square root of the pressure drop, also known as the differential pressure, between two points. 
  • This relationship is non-linear, meaning that there’s a more significant change in flow at lower pressures compared to higher ones. 
  • To enhance the resolution of flow measurement, some differential pressure transmitters can be adjusted so that their output is directly proportional to the flow rate rather than the differential pressure.
Linear to Square Root Extraction Signal Converter: 4-20mA, 3-15 Psi, 1-5 Volt Signals

For the conversion of a linear 4-20mA current loop signal to a square root extraction type, the following formula can be applied:

Let’s say we have a linear 4-20mA current loop signal reading of 12mA and we want to convert it to a square root extraction type using the provided formula:

OutputSqRt = 4mA + (4 x √(OutputLinear – 4mA))

Substituting the given value:

OutputSqRt = 4mA + (4 x √(12mA – 4mA))

OutputSqRt = 4mA + (4 x √8mA)

Now, √8mA ≈ 2.83 (approximately)

OutputSqRt = 4mA + (4 x 2.83)

OutputSqRt = 4mA + 11.32mA

OutputSqRt ≈ 15.32mA

So, the square root extraction type output for a linear input of 12mA is approximately 15.32mA.

The conversion table below illustrates the values for linear to square root extraction conversion from 4 to 20 milliamp current loop signals:

Linear (mA)Square Root (mA)Square Root (%)Square Root (psi)Square Root (V)
44.000.003.001.00
58.0025.006.002,00
69.6635.367.242.41
710.9343.308.202.73
812.0050.009.003.00
912.9455.909.713.24
1013.8061.2410.353.45
1114.5866.1410.933.65
1215.3170.7111.493.83
1316.0075.0012.004.00
1416.6579.0612.494.16
1517.2782.9112.954.31
1617.8686.6013.394.46
1718.4290.1413.824.60
1818.9793.5414.234.74
1919.4996.8314.624.88
2020.00100.0015.005.00

This below calculator is used for converting instrumentation standard signals from 4 to 20mA Linear Signal to Square Root Extraction 4 to 20 mA, Pneumatic 3 to 15 Psi and voltage 1 to 5 volt Signals

Click here for Square Root Extraction Signal to Linear Signal Converter: 4-20mA, 3-15 Psi, 1-5 Volt Signals

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Sundareswaran Iyalunaidu

With over 24 years of dedicated experience, I am a seasoned professional specializing in the commissioning, maintenance, and installation of Electrical, Instrumentation and Control systems. My expertise extends across a spectrum of industries, including Power stations, Oil and Gas, Aluminium, Utilities, Steel and Continuous process industries. Tweet me @sundareshinfohe

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