How Position Transducers WorkPosition transducers convert mechanical motion into an electrical signal that may be metered, recorded, or transmitted. Position transducers consist of a stainless steel extension cable wound on a threaded drum that is coupled to a precision rotary sensor such as an incremental encoder, absolute encoder, hybrid or conductive plastic rotary potentiometer, RVDT, …
Acceleration :Accelerometers measure acceleration, vibration, and shock. An accelerometer involves the mounting of a seismic mass attached to a damper and a spring inside a solid casing. Add caption The movement of the mass inside the casing is proportional to the force of acceleration on the device. Many accelerometers use either a capacitive or piezoelectric …
Quadrature Encoder Fundamentals : The most common type of incremental encoder uses two output channels (A and B) to sense position. Using two code tracks with sectors positioned 90 degrees out of phase, the two output channels of the quadrature encoder indicate both position and direction of rotation. If A leads B, for example, the disk is …
Magnetic Encoder FundamentalsA magnetic encoder consists of a rotating gear made of ferrous metal and a magnetic pick-up that contains a permanent magnet and the sensing element.The gear, which is mounted on the rotating shaft, has precisely machined teeth that provide the code pattern. As the disk rotates, these teeth disturb the magnetic flux emitted …
Optical Encoder – Fundamentals The most popular type of encoder is the optical encoder, which consists of a rotating disk, a light source, and a photodetector (light sensor). The disk, which is mounted on the rotating shaft, has coded patterns of opaque and transparent sectors. As the disk rotates, these patterns interrupt the light emitted onto the …
Control Valve Basics A control valve is simply a variable orifice that is used to regulate the flow of a process fluid according to the requirement of the process. They can throttle flow over a range of fully open to fully closed. The control valve is normally used with an electric,pneumatic or hydraulic actuator for …
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Absolute Pressure – A quantity of pressure measured with respect to total vacuum. Equal to the sum of a pressure gauge reading and atmospheric pressure (14.69 psia or 1.01 bar at sea level). Absorption – The “soaking up” of gas, liquids or dissolved substances into a solid material. Acid – A chemical compound that dissociates …
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Calibration Procedure – pH electrode Select two buffers that bracket the expected sample pH. More buffers can be used for greater accuracy over a wider pH range. For best accuracy, use buffers that are no more than 3 pH units apart. Step by Step Procedure 1.Refer PH meter manual for specific details on operating your …
LVDT – Linear Variable Differential TransformerLVDT is a passive transducer which measures displacement. Construction and Working of LVDT. LVDT consist of a single primary winding and two secondary wingdings.They are wound on a hollow cylindrical bobbin which is non-magnetic and insulating material.The secondary wingdings have equal number of turns and are identically placed on either …
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Temperature Switch Calibration (Step by Step By Procedure ) Following Precautions needs to be taken- Use appropriate PPE. Isolate Temperature Switch from process. Equipment required for Temperature 1.Temperature Bath 2.Switch Contact Monitoring Device Temperature Switch Calibration Procedure 1.Remove temperature sensor from process. 2.Connect test equipment 3.For high Temperature Switch (TSH ),place sensor in a calibrated …
