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Main pneumatic components All main pneumatic components can be represented by simple pneumatic symbols. Each symbol shows only the function of the component it represents, but not its structure. Pneumatic symbols can be combined to form pneumatic diagrams. A pneumatic diagram describes…
Introduction While electricity is commonly used as a medium for transferring energy across long distances, it is also used in instrumentation to transfer information. A simple 4-20 mA current “loop” uses direct current to represent a process measurement in percentage of span,…
Introduction Pneumatic valves control the path of the compressed air. The direction of flow is indicated by an arrow. Actuation can take place manually, mechanically, pneumatically or electrically. Automated systems generally use solenoid-actuated valves that form the interface between pneumatic and electrical…
What is I/P converter? I/P converter is a device that converts the current signal into a pneumatic signal. For the current signal in the range 4-20mA, a corresponding pneumatic signal in the range 3-15psi is formed. I to P converters use flapper…
Pneumatic Actuators A set of devices into with one or more pneumo engines, which are determined to start mechanisms or some other objects by means of pressed working gas is called pneumatic actuator,or pneumo actuator.The devices intended for transformation of potential and kinetic…
Load cells are transducers that are used to convert work, force or pressure into an electrical signal. Load cells are also called as load transducer or load sensors. The force is measured on the basis of deflection or increase in fluid pressure. There…
Introduction A pneumatic system is a system that uses compressed air to transmit and control energy. Pneumatic systems are used in controlling train doors, automatic production lines, mechanical clamps, etc What are pneumatic systems used for? The pneumatic systems used in…
Introduction Pneumatic differential pressure transmitters are designed for measuring the pressure, differential pressure or level of liquids, steam, gas or air. The measured value is transmitted as 3 to 15 psi pneumatic signal to remotely mounted receiving equipment such as recorders, indicators or…
Introduction A controller is a device that senses differences between a desired condition and measured condition in a process. .The controller will reduce this difference with the help of final control elements in the process.If the final control element is control valve…
Introduction The pneumatically operated recorder is still used today, particularly in remote locations. It does not use electricity so it does not need any special intrinsic safety measures when it is used in hazardous areas. Examples of the pneumatic recorders are shown…